Swaziland faces the challenge of inadequate health and community systems capacity to support an effective response that includes scaling-up and strengthening existing interventions. One of the most important factors that affects access to prevention, treatment and care services for HIV, tuberculosis (TB), malaria and other health programs in Swaziland is the production, attrition and deployment of health workers. A health workforce assessment conducted by the European Union in 2007, found that the overall number of medical personnel declined by nearly 13 percent over the preceding two years. These losses are particularly severe in the rural areas of Swaziland. Limited capacity of nursing training facilities, lengthy hiring processes, growing burden on existing staff and poor supervision in the regional areas are some of the key reasons for shortages of health staff. The cross-cutting HSS Program proposes to address these shortages through strengthening the health workforce, improving service delivery and enhancing monitoring and information systems. Staff shortages in the health sector will be addressed through improvement in recruitment and worker retention policies, health workforce wellness programs and the expansion of human resource capacity in the health sector.  The Program will improve service delivery and accessibility by capacity building and decentralizing services such as HIV care and treatment, the provision of Antenatal Care services (ANC), Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs, and TB diagnosis at the clinic level. Diagnostic services are currently concentrated in the national hospitals and diagnostic centers which are less accessible to vulnerable and rural populations.Moreover, the inability of the national health information system to routinely provide the data necessary for effective monitoring and evaluation of disease-specific programs has led to the development of parallel systems of data collection. The Program will focus on the creation of a common national database which will facilitate access to information and a harmonized monitoring and evaluation system. The integrated monitoring and evaluation system will also incorporate data generated by community-based and private sector monitoring and evaluation systems into the overall national health information system. These interventions will strengthen data collection from two sectors with historically weak monitoring and evaluation functions in Swaziland and add to the completeness of the national health information system.